Chronic kidney disease (CKD) occurs due to structural or functional kidney impairment for more than 3 months and is divided into five stages according to the decline in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) from early CKD to kidney failure (KF).

Lactose intolerance specifically means the inability of the body to break down the lactose sugar to its simplest form for assimilation. Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine does not produce enough of the lactase enzyme to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk.

Lactose intolerance specifically means the inability of the body to break down the lactose sugar to its simplest form for assimilation. Lactose intolerance occurs when the small intestine does not produce enough of the lactase enzyme to digest lactose, the sugar found in milk.

The thin-fat phenotype, also known as normal weight obesity/ metabolic obesity, etc. is defined as an individual who has normal body weight (as measured by body mass index) but a disproportionately high body fat percentage (based on ethnicity and gender-specific cut-offs).

Traditional weight loss programs often focus on cutting body fat and hitting lower numbers on the scale but do not focus on gaining muscles. Body recomposition is an approach toward weigh t loss, where the significance of both losing fat and gaining muscles at the same time is highlighted.¹ Thus, building muscle and losing fat concomitantly has been referred to as body recomposition by practitioners.²